Beta-glucans are soluble fibers that come from the cell walls of bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and some plants. They might lower the risk for heart disease.

Beta-glucans might prevent the body from absorbing cholesterol from food. They might also stimulate the immune system by increasing chemicals that prevent infections.

Beta-glucans are most commonly used for heart disease and high cholesterol. They are also used for many other conditions, such as eczema and diabetes.

Cholesterol

The beta-glucan found in oats may help keep cholesterol in check, according to a 2011 report.3 Looking at studies conducted over the previous 13 years, the report’s authors determined that oat-derived beta-glucan may significantly reduce levels of total and LDL (“bad”) cholesterol.

A 2014 meta-analysis found similar results. The researchers focused on studies that included at least 3 grams (g) of beta-glucan daily and found it reduced total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, but did not impact HDL cholesterol levels or triglycerides.

Diabetes

Research also suggests that beta-glucan may help manage diabetes by controlling blood sugar levels, lowering cholesterol, and keeping blood pressure in check.

A 2014 literature analysis confirmed these findings but noted that beta-glucan alone was not enough to achieve normal blood sugar readings in patients with diabetes, and it should be used as an adjunct to standard treatment.

Cancer

Preliminary research indicates that beta-glucan may activate a number of cells and proteins that fight cancer (such as T-cells and natural killer cells). What’s more, tests on animals have shown that beta-glucan may inhibit the spread of cancer cells.

However, a 2009 report cautions that there are “no good quality clinical trial data” for the effectiveness of beta-glucan in treating cancer.

Immunity

Currently, there is a lack of clinical trials supporting the claim that beta-glucan can “rev up” the immune system and stave off colds, flu, and other types of infection.